Where Did the Bull and Bear Market Get Their Names? - Investopedia

In the jargon of stock-market 🏧 traders, a bull is someone who buys securities or commodities in the expectation of a price rise, or someone whose 🏧 actions make such a price rise happen. A bear is the opposite someone who sells securities or commodities in expectation 🏧 of a price decline.

The History of Bull and Bear Markets - Merriam-Webster